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The Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity Friendly Society Limited, also called the Manchester Unity of Oddfellows; trading as ''The Oddfellows'', is a fraternal organisation founded in Manchester in 1810. Some of its lodges claim histories dating back to the 18th century.〔.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 History : The history of our society )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 History of Oddfellowship )〕〔 〕〔 〕 These various organisations were set up to protect and care for their members and communities at a time when there was no welfare state or National Health Service. The aim was and still is to provide help to members and communities when they need it. The friendly societies are non-profit mutual organisations owned by their members. All income is passed back to the members in the form of services and benefits. The Oddfellows had spread to America in the late 18th century, and several unofficial lodges existed in New York City; but American Odd Fellowship is regarded as being founded in Baltimore in 1819, by Thomas Wildey, and the following year affiliated with the Manchester Unity.〔〔 In Britain in 1834, the Tolpuddle Martyrs were unexpectedly convicted and transported for "membership of an illegal friendly society". The Oddfellows "board of directors" hastily modified the "constitution" to evade a similar fate.〔〔 Members of the Oddfellows in the United States were not pleased to see the ancient rituals changed without their agreement, particularly to satisfy a British Government against which they had fought a war of independence. As a result, the Oddfellows in America declared their independence from the Manchester Unity of Oddfellows and became a self-governing Order – the Independent Order of Odd Fellows – which established lodges across the world (and continues to this day).〔〔〔Wildey, Thomas (1937) ''An Account of the Origin of Odd Fellowship in the United States''〕 The Oddfellows are also fundraisers for local and national charities; lodges raise money for local causes, and the society as a whole raise significant amounts for charities. Today, it is inter-fraternally recognised by the largest, American-seated Independent Order of Odd Fellows.〔(IOOF International Network ), IOOF Grand Lodge of South Australia, www.keyinvest.com.au/ioofsa〕 ==History== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent Order of Oddfellows Manchester Unity」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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